Fish can’t just be fed the same feed throughout their lifecycle due to a number of reasons. Mouth size, digestive capacity and nutritional requirements change as they grow, and the demands differ between species. Feed selection therefore needs to follow the fish being raised, rather than rely on one formulation or pellet size for the entire production cycle.
When comparing aquaculture products, farms need to identify the intended species, growth stage and culture system. A feed designed for one production setting should not be treated as a substitute simply because its bag carries a similar protein figure.
First feeding and early development
At the earliest stages, the ability to capture and digest food limits what fish can eat. Many marine larvae require live food before they can move successfully to formulated diets. Other species can use suitable prepared feeds earlier, so hatchery practices cannot be generalised across all farmed fish.
Particle size matters alongside composition. Food must be small enough to enter the mouth, but it also needs to be available where the fish feed. Hatchery staff should follow guidance for the species and observe whether food is being consumed, rather than assuming that a measured quantity added to the tank has been eaten.
Fry and fingerlings
As fish become established on prepared diets, feed selection includes suitable crumble or pellet sizes and a nutrient balance appropriate to their development. The aim is to supply food that the fish can consume efficiently without leaving excessive uneaten material.
A change in size or formulation needs attention at feeding time. Fish may not all grow at the same rate, and a larger pellet that suits the biggest individuals may remain unsuitable for smaller ones. Sampling the population helps staff decide whether a change matches the group rather than its most visible members.
Feed manufacturers provide guidance on product selection and feeding rates, but that information must be used alongside observations from the farm. Record the transition and any changes in acceptance so subsequent decisions have a useful reference.
Pellets that break into dust during handling deserve attention too, since the quantity weighed out may include material the fish cannot readily consume efficiently.
Growers approaching market size
During grow-out, farmers balance the diet with changing body size, appetite and production conditions. Protein content alone does not establish suitability. Energy supply, digestibility and the complete nutrient balance influence how a feed supports the fish, while floating or sinking behaviour must suit the species and feeding system.
Thai Union’s feed business supplies species-specific products, including feeds for seabass and freshwater fish. Farmers discussing a programme should provide current fish sizes and details of the farming conditions, rather than ask for a universal ration.
Changes during the production cycle
Daily feeding decisions also respond to water conditions and observed appetite. A fixed schedule cannot explain every change in consumption, and poor feeding response deserves investigation before more feed is added.
Keep records of quantities offered, sampled fish weights and relevant water measurements together. If appetite falls after a feed change, those records help distinguish a possible acceptance issue from changes in the environment or the health of the fish.
